Unitary trim control

ABSTRACT

The subject disclosure describes an exposure control system which is automatically adjusted in conformance with the distance settings of a camera with which it is incorporated to provide socalled &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;follow-focus&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; operation. The exposure control system operates in both ambient and &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;flash&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; modes and is provided with a unitary manually-operable &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;trim&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; mechanism such that a camera operator need only insert one trim setting for either ambient or &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;flash&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; mode operation. The unitary &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;trim&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; mechanism cooperates with a first mechanism that is effective to control illumination received from a subject when operating in an ambient mode and simultaneously cooperates with a second mechanism which is solely effective in controlling the illumination received from a subject when operating in a &#39;&#39;&#39;&#39;flash&#39;&#39;&#39;&#39; mode. The first mechanism includes a variable density filter which is movably positioned with respect to a photosensitive element (positioned to receive illumination from a subject) whereby illumination reaching the photosensitive element from said subject may be varied to alter exposure interval. The second mechanism includes cam means for selectively altering an aperture effective to control the illumination reaching a film plane.

United States Patent [1 1 Johnson [4 Nov. 27, 1973 UNITARY- TRIMCONTROL- Primary Examiner Robert P. Greiner [75] Inventor: Bruce K.Johnson, Andover, Mass. An-omey charles Mlkulka et [7 3] Assignee:Polaroid Corporation, Cambridge, [57] AB The subject disclosuredescribes an exposure control 2] Filed: July 2 1971 system which isautomatically" adjusted in conformance with the distance settings of acamera with [21] Appl' 164772 which it is incorporated to provideso-called followfocus operation. The exposure controlsystem oper- [52]US. Cl. 95/11 R, 95/10 C, 95/11 L, v 1 in both ambient and flash modesand is pro- 7 1.5 R vided' with a unitary manually-operable trim mecha-[51] Int. Cl. G031) 15/03, G03b 3/04 nism such that a, camera operatorneed only insert one of Search 11 R, trim etting for either ambient orflash mode opera- 95/11 L, 11.5 R, 10 C, 55, 5 6; 240/ 1.3, tion. Theunitary trim mechanism cooperates with a -0 -0 4645 first mechanism thatis effective to control illumination received from a subject whenoperating in an am- [56] Refere wes C ttd bient mode and simultaneouslycooperates with a sec- UNITED STATES PATENTS 0nd mechanism which issolely effective in controlling 3 283 681 11/1966 Singer et al; 95/115 Rx luminamn waived a subject when 3,296,947 r 1/1967 Engelsmann et al95/11.5 R X v I Y 8 m 8 Wash" 3,538,825 I Taylor... l' R The mechanismincludes a variable density filter 2,378,207 6/ 1 945 Fuller 95/56 whichis movably positioned i respect to a Egg et photosensitive element(positioned to receive 3:616:71 11/1971 Reine i551 111135710 c1) fmm awheeby 3 491 667 1/1970 Land 915/11 R reachmg the Photosensltlve elementfmm Sublect I may be varied to alter exposure interval.

FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS v The second mechanism. includes cammeans for. 1,288,421 1/1969 Germany 95/55 selectively altering anaperture effective to control the illumination reaching a film plane.

34 Claims, 7 Drawing Figures liii Eli In PAIENTEDN0Y27|975 3774.510

sum 10M FIGI INVENTOR.

BRUCE K. JOHNSON BWMM mai Pmmmuuvzv I915 v 3374.510

SHEET 2 BF 4 ATTORNEYS PATENTEDnuvzmu 3774.510

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INVENTOR. BRUCE K. JOHNSON I PATENTEDHUVZT 197s I NVEN TOR.

BRUCE K. JOHNSON %6 mm m 7724M 4770mm 7 UNITARY TRIM CONTROL BACKGROUNDOF THE INVENTION This application is a continuation-in-part of myearlier application Ser. No. 101,336, filed Dec. 24, 1970, andentitledlRange ResponsiveFlash Unit, now US. Pat. No. 3,731,822. A

Many prior art exposure control systems have been developed that areresponsive to light from a scene being photographed for causing theexposure interval to be functionally related to the level of scenebrightness. I v

Typical of such systems is one incorporating shutter operator meansactuable to cause the shutter means of the camera to initiate exposure,and deactuable to cause it to terminate exposure, so that the exposureinterval is essentially the time that said shutter operator means isactuated. To control this time, a control means is provided havingshutter timing apparatus includinga voltage-sensitive trigger circuitfor actuating and deactuating the shutter operator means; and an R-Cnetwork, the resistance of which is constituted by a photosensitiveelement whose resistance is functionally related to the level ofbrightness of a scene to which the element is exposed. When theR-Cnetwork is activated, substantially at the same time the triggercircuit actuates the shutter operator means, it generates a triggervoltage in a period of time dependent upon the capacitance of thenetwork and the resistance of theelement as established by the level ofscene brightness. The voltage-sensitive trigger'circuit is responsive tothe voltage generated by the R-C network fordeactuating said shutteroperator means when the voltage reaches the trigger voltage, so that theactual exposure time (as established by the time that the shutteroperator means is actuated) is essentially the time required by theR-Cnetwork, after activation, to gener-. ate the trigger voltage. I

To improve the results obtainable with such a system under conditions oftransient as well assteady-state illumination, it has been foundadvisable, to provide a variable density filter that is movably mountedrelative to the photosensitive element. This expedient provides a trimarrangement by which the exposure error curves'can be modified slightlyto match a, particular situation. I.

For example, wherea dark subject is to be photographed against'alight'background, the brightness to which the element will respond wouldbe the average brightness of the scene as a whole, ratherthan theparticularbrightness of the subject. Generally, underexposure of thesubject will result. To preclude this, the vari able density filter maybe interposed between the subject and thephotoconductive element toreduce the average scene brightness fto a value that permits correctexposure of the subject. i i

It has been found, however, that less than satisfactory exposuresfrequently'resultwhen the subject is indoors and is illuminated with aflash lamp, and that improved and more consistent results are obtainableby setting the shutter to produce an exposure of a predeterminedinterval long enough (e.g., 1/30' of a second) to take full advantage ofthe light output of a conventional flash lamp in controlling the lightenergy reaching the 2 (when operating in a flash mode) a variabledensity filter utilized as aforesaid will have no effect on exposure.Accordingly, the capability for trimming exposure to suit variousphysical conditions will be lost when operating in the flash" mode.

In another-type of exposure control system, a plurality of adjustablelouvers are disposed across the face of a flash lampand serve to controlthe amount and direction of light emitted according'to their rotationalpositions. The louvers are actuated by means of a cam and lever systemoperatively connected to the focus control of the camera wherebyadjusting the focus control effects predetermined rotation of thelouvers to vary the passage of light therebetween and provide anessentially correct illumination at any of a' plurality of distancesettings. I

A cooperating trim mechanism functions to enable an overall shift in therotationalposition of the louvers I to alter the illumination at anygiven focus setting as may be desired. Thus, for example, a setting maybe modified by the trim mechanism to voluntarily alter the and commonlyassigned herewith. In this type of system', however, the trim control isnot effective when operating in an ambient mode and without the additionof a second trim control means, the capability for trimming exposurewill be lost (when operating in the ambient mode). 7

. Clearly, it is desirable to provide a trim function to accommodate forslight variations in the sensitometric characteristics of the film aswell as to insert a modicum of personal or overriding control over theautomated exposure control system. Ideally,.such trim control should beprovided withonly one manually adjusted component. Should a dual trimsystem for flash and'ambient modes be provided having more than onecontrol element, a camera operator may become confused oroverlook arequirement for providing a trim control for that mode of operationwhich he is;cur' rently using. Additionally, it is desirous that anyfollowfocus system, within a dual parameter exposure regulationarrangement, be amenable to relatively simple factory calibration. I Inview of the foregoing, it is an object of the present invention toprovide a follow-focus, or rangeresponsive, exposure controlsystemiincorporating a unitary manual trim featurewhich is operative incone-- spondencewith the trim function of a dual parameter,

light-responsive exposure control circuit.

Another object of the present invention is to provide,

in conjunction with a photographic camera employing an automaticexposure control system, unitar'ymeans for selectively altering theexposure parameters in either ambient or flash modeoperation.

' Yet another object of the instant invention is to providephotoflashlamp modulation means'for use with a focusable camera, and incorporatingmeans for selectively and uniformly illuminating a subject as a functionof the focus setting of the camera and unitary means for selectivelyaltering the illumination received from said subject independent of saidfocus setting and simultaneously operable to alter the illuminationreceived from said subject when operating said camera in an amthe typeoperable in both flash and ambient modes (and employing an automaticexposure control system which functions in response to range whenoperating in a flash mode and in response to scene brightness whenoperating in an ambient mode) wherein said trim control includes unitarymeans for simultaneously selectively altering the illumination reachingthe film plane of said cameraindependent of scene brightness.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION the type illustrated in copending'application,Ser. No.

41,681, filed May 25,1970, by David E. VanAllen, (Case No. 4127) andcommonly assigned herewith.

Such a photographic camera contemplates apparatus usable in flashphotography for releasably mounting a multi-Iamp photoflash unit orflashcubethereon. The

apparatus is mounted on the camera for rotation relative thereto and isengageable with a flashcube unit for rotatably connecting the unit to acamera. The rotation of the apparatus sequentially positions each lampof the flashcube in a predetermined location for ignition in timedrelationship with the exposure producing operation of the photographiccamera.

In the embodiment of the subject invention'envisioned for use-with sucha photographic camera, cover means is provided which is pivotallysecured to the camera housing so as to be foldable over the flashcubemounting means when no flashcube is secured thereby and erectable to aposition so as to provide a predetermined'aperture through which lightfrom the flashcube must pass in reaching a subject.

The cover means includes a plurality of generally rectangulartelescoping apertured plates which are adapted to be sequentiallyadvanced (so as to either increase or decrease the net aperture) by acam and linkage assembly which is designed to effect a predeterminedadvance of said apertured plates as a function of the focus setting ofsaid camera.

Each of the telescoping apertured plates includes plural apertures suchthat their sequential advancement will effect a change in theillumination reaching the central portion of the subject, as well as thesize of the net aperture, and eliminate vignetting. Furthermore, one ofthe telescoping apertured plates is provided with tab means extendingthrough the apertures in each of the other telescoping plates wherebyillumination provided from'the flash device to the subject will beuniformly distributed. 7

'The subject invention envisions novel trim control means which includesa unitary control member which is coupled to one of said aperturedplates via a cam and linkage assembly and connected ,to a variabledensity filter which may be selectively positioned with respect to aphotosensitive element.

When operating in a flash mode, adjustment of the unitary control meanswill provide a predetermined advance to said apertured plates,independent of the focus setting of the camera,'and at the same timeselec tively modulate the lightreaching the photosensitive element. Whenoperating in the flash mode, the photosensitive element 'does not affectthe exposure control settings and, hence, the variable density filterwill have no'effect on such settings. However, whenthe camera isoperated in an ambient mode, the exposure control settings aredetermined by the illumination reaching the photosensitive elementand,'hence, the selective movement of the variable density filter (whichwas effected in the flash mode) will provide a predetermined adjustmentof the exposure settings when operating in an ambient mode.

' DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Other objects and many of the attendantadvantages of the present invention will be better appreciated and saidinvention will become clearly understood with reference to the followingdetailed description when considered in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings illustrating one embodiment of the instantinvention, wherein: I

FIG. 1 provides a fragmentary perspective illustrating a portion of thesubjectinvention'operatively secured to a photographic camera so as tobe operable to selectively alter exposure when operating in a flashmode;

FIG. 2 provides a simplified exploded perspective of a portion of theexposure control system effective when operating in a flashTmode;

FIG.-3 provides a fragmentary perspective of the device of FIG. 1showing the unitary trim control means and the exposure control systemin more detail;

FIG. 4 provides a fragmentary top plan of the aperturedplates of FIGS. 13 partly in section'and depicting the relationship between the aperturedplates in a fully closed position;

FIG. 5 provides a rear elevation of a portion of the novel trimmechanism of the subject invention as seen from inside thecameraiofFIGS. 1 and 3;

FIG. 6 provides an exploded perspective of a portion of the subject trimmechanism illustrated in FIGS. 1, 3, and 5; and 7 FIG. 7 provides asimplified schematic circuit diagram of a photoresponsive timing circuitadapted for use with the shutter of the camera.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Aflashcube is operativelyandreleasably secured to the camera 2 via a flashcube mounting assembly 12i 12 as by pins 18 and 20 (FIG, 3). The foldaway cover assembly l6istypically formed'of transparent plastic and includes a generallyrectangular portion 22 and a pair of spaced, parallel top and bottomportions 24 and 26, respectively, extending normally therefrom. Theinner surfaces of said top and bottom portions 24 and 26 are soconfigured that, in conjunction with the inner surface of the frontportion 22, theydefi'ne a pair of longitudinally extending, spaced,parallel slots 28 and 30, respectively. I

6 surfaces, respectively, of the portions 46, 48, and 50 of theapertured plate 36 with the indentations 52 and the ridges 54 of saidapertured plate 36' being arranged to extend between the indentations 52and the ridges 54 of the apertured plate 34. Similarly, the aperturedplate 38 is provided with indentations 52 and ridges 54 on the forwardand rearwardly directed surfaces, respectively, of the portions 46, 48,and 50 thereof. The indentations 52 and the ridges 54 of the aperturedplate 38 are disposed toextend between the indentations 52 and theridges 54 of the apertured plate 36. The ridges 54 function to maintainthe apertured plates 34, 36, 38, and 40 in predetermined, spacedrelation whilst minimizing friction (so as to enable them to .slidelongitudinally relative to one another). Obviously,

the rearwardmost plate 40, not supporting a succeeding apertured plate,need not be provided with indentations 52 and ridges 54, as aforesaid.

An arrayof apertured plates 32 is disposed within the slots 28 and 30adjacent the inner face of the front portion 22 of the foldaway coverassembly l6. The individualapertured plates of the array 32 are arrangedin overlying relationshipso as to be slideable with respect to eachother within said slots 28 and 30.

Itshould be noted at this point that the number of apertured plates maybe varied to suit any particular requirements and for purposes ofillustration, each of the embodiments of the novel follow-focusphotoflash lamp modulator herein disclosed will be described for anarray comprising four apertured plates. i

As best seen in FIG. 2,.the array 32 is seen to comprise a forwardmostapertured plate 34 which is, as best seen in FIGS. 1, 3, and 4,fixedly'dispose'd within the slots 28 and 30 (immediately adjacent theinner face of the front portion 22 of the foldaway cover assembly 16). Asecond apertured plate 36 is positioned behind the apertured plate 34and is slideable with respect thereto. Similarly, a third aperturedplate 38 is slideably disposed within the slots 28 and 30 behind theapertured plate 36, v and a fourth apertured plate 40 is slideablydisposed within the slots 28 and 30 behind the apertured plate 38.

Each of the apertured plates 34, 36, 38, and 40 is 42 and 44 aredisposed within each of the apertured plates 34, 36, 38, andj'40 so asto define an inner edge FIG. '2, it is seen that a pluralityoflongitudinally directed, spaced, parallel indentations are .formed inthe It should .be emphasized at this point that each of the aperturedplates 34 40. is constructed of opaque materialand that the width of theinner edge portion 46, the central portion 48, andthe outer edge portion50 in the direction of the indentations 52 is the same for each of theapertured plates 34 40.

The inner edge portion 46 of each of the plates 34,

" 36,38, and 40 is provided with a pair of symmetrically positioned,oppositely directed, upper and lower tabs 56. Also, each of theapertured plates 34, 36, and 38 is provided with a pairof symmetricallydisposed, in-

wardly directed, upper and lower tabs 58 on its inner edge portion. 46.It should be noted that the vertical positioning of each'of the inwardlydirected tab portions 58 on the respective inner edge portions 46, ofthe apertured plates 34, 3 6, and 38, are staggered whereby when saidapertured plates 34,36, and 38 are disposed in overlying relationship,their respective tab portions 58 will not interfere'with one another.Additionally, the

' oppositely. directed tab portions 56 of each of the apersite lydirected tab portions 56 to engage the inwardly i 7 provided with a pairof spaced, parallel, generally rect- 1 angular apertures 42 and 44, witheach and every pair of apertures 42 and 44 being congruent. Theapertures directed tab portions 58 of the apertured plate 38.

Further movement of the apertured plate 40 (outward of said housing 6)will cause the apertured plate 3810 move outward of the lens and shutterhousing assembly 6 until its oppositely directed tab portions 56 engagethe inwardly directed portions 58 of the apertured plate 36. a a theapertured plate 34 is a It will be recalled that fixedly secured withinthe foldaway cover assembly 16 and, therefore, no further relativemovements of the forwardly directed surface of the inner and outer edgeportions 46 and 50 and the central portion 48 thereof. The indentations52-on the inner and outer e'dgepor: tions 46 and 50, respectively, andthe central portion 48 of the apertured plate 34 are aligned and aresufficiently deep whereby they appear on the rearwardly directed surfaceof said portions 46, 48, and-50 as ridges 54. I l 7 In a like manner,similar indentations 52 and ridges 54 are formed on the forward andrearwardly directed apertured plates 40, 38, and 36 outward of the lensand shutter assembly housing 6 will be possible after the. tab

portions 56 of the apertured plate 38 engage the portions 58 of theplate 36.

It should be further noted that the distance between i the oppositelydirected tab portions 56 and the inthe apertured plate 40 (which is notprovided with inwardly directed tab portions 58) are preciselypredetermined such that when said aperturedplate 40 is at its firstposition, outward of the lens and shutter assembly housing 6, theapertures 42 and 44 of the apertured of the apertured plates 36, 38, and40.

through for connection with acam and linkage assembly to be described inmore detail, infra.

The apertured plate 40 is further provided with a pair of forwardlydirected tabs 64 extending the entire length of the longitudinal edgesof the apertures 42 and 44, respectively, closest to the inner edgeportion 46. The tabs 64 extend forwardly of the apertured plate 40 anamount sufficient to extend through the apertures 42 and 44 of theapertured plates 38, 36, and 34 when all of the said apertured plates34, 36, 38, and 40 are positioned in overlying relationship (within theslots 28 and 30 of the foldaway cover assembly 16). Whilst the forwardlydirected tabs 64 extend through the apertured plates 38, 36, and 34,they do not extend beyond the forwardmost face of the apertured plate34.

Inasmuch as the apertured plates 34 40 are disposed in overlyingrelationship, the edges of the respective apertured plates defining thenet aperture through which light from the flashcube may be transmitted.

prove the unifonnity of the illumination of the subject by the flashcube10. r i

As best seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, the camera 2 is provided with a lensassembly 66 rotatably secured to the inner front wall 8. The lensassembly 66 includes a focusing ring 68 which is rotatably secured tothe inner front wall 8, whereby the lens assembly 66 may be focusedbyrotation of the focusing ring 68. I

Alever arm 70 is pivotally secured at one endto the inner front wall 8of the lens'a'nd shutter assembly housing 6, as by a pin assembly 72 Aspring 74 is connected to the inner front wall8, as by screw means 76,and is secured to the lever arm 70 at a position 78 remote from said pinassembly 72. The spring 74 is preloaded so as to bias said lever arm 70counterclockwise about the pin assembly 72. g

An arm 80 is secured to the upper portion of the inner front wall 8 ofthe lens and shutter assembly housing 6 in a well-known manner wherebysaid arm 80 may slide linearly across said front wall 8. The arm 80extends across the front wall 8 of the housing 6 andterminates in an endportion 82 at one end and extends toward said flashcube mountingassembly 12 to terminate in an end portion 84 at its other end. The endportion 84 is provided with a linearly, upwardly extending slot 86 andthe lever arm 70 is pivotally connected to the arm 80 by means of a pinassembly 88 which is pivotally and slideably secured to the arm 80within the slot 86 in the end portion 84.

Thus, pivotal movement of the lever arm 70 about the pin assembly 72willcause' the pin assembly 88 to linearly traverse the slot 86 whilstlinearly driving the arm 80 across the inner front wall of the lens andshutter assembly housing 6-in a direction depending upon the directionof pivotal movement of the lever arm 70.

A connectinglink 90 is connected atone end to the end portion 84 of thearm 80 and extends outwardly thereof to a bent tab portion 92 which isreceived within the opening 62 in the rearwardly extending connectingtab 60. The bent tab portion 92 is of suitable size and shape such thatit will engage the connecting tab 60 and cause the apertured plate 40 tobe moved within the slots 28 and 30 toward the end of said coverassembly '16 closest to the pins l8'and when said foldaway coverassembly 16 is in its folded position (as best seen in FIG. 3). With thecover assembly 16 erected (as best seen in FIG. 1),the bent tab portion92 will engage the connecting tab 60 such that pivotal movement of thelever arm 70 about the pin assembly 72 will effect linear movement ofthe arm 80 and,

hence, theapertured plate 40 so as to sequentially actuate the aperturedplates 38, 36, and 34.

A profile cam 94 of precisely predetermined shape is secured to theperiphery of the focusing ring 68 so as to be rotatabletherewith. A camfollower 96 is pivotally secured to'the lever arm 70 at apositioneccentric of the pin assembly 72,-as by a pin assembly 98. The

cam follower 96 includes an end portion 100 suitably configured to rideupon and follow the peripheral surface of the profile cam 94. The endportion 100 is bias ed into engagement with the peripheral surface ofthe profile cam 94 by the spring 74 which biases the lever arm in acounterclockwise direction about the pin assembly 72vwhile the arm 70,in turn, biases the cam follower 96 counterclockwise about the pinassembly 72 by virtue of its pivotal connection to the pin assembly 98eccentric of the pin assembly 72. g

In operation, focusing the lens assembly 66 will be effected by rotationof the focusing ring 68 carrying therewith the profile cam 94 which, inturn, will cause the cam'follower 96 to rotate the pin assembly 98 and,hence, the lever arm 70 about the pin assembly 72. R0- tation of thelever arm 70 about the pin assembly 72 will cause the pin assembly 88to' simultaneously move upward within the slot 86 and move the armtoward the flashcube mounting assembly l2. i v

, Such movement of the arm 80 will cause the connecting link 90 to moveoutward of the housing assembly 6,

and with the foldaway cover'assembly'lG in its erected position, theconnecting link 90 will advance the apertured plate 40, via theconnecting tab 60 thereof (which is in engagement with the bent tabportion 92 ertured plate 36 engage the inwardly directed tabs 58.

of the fixed apertured plate 34.

As best seen in FIG. 4, when the apertured plates 36, 38, and 40 haveadvanced outward of the lens and shutter assembly housing 6 as far aspossible, the apertures 42 and 44 ofthe apertured plate 34.will becompletely covered. At this time, the area of the front portion 22 ofthe foldaway cover assembly 16 outward of the apertured plate 34 willlikewise be covered by the advanced aperturedplates 40, 38, and 36.

bly 72, causing the pin assembly 88 to simultaneously.

move upward in the slot 86 and carry the end portion 84 and the arm 80across the inner front wall 8 in a direction way from the flashcubemounting assembly 12.

Such movement of the arm 80 will cause theaperture'd plate 40 to advancein the opposite direction toward the flashcube mounting assembly 12'. s

As the apertured plate 40 is advanced toward the mounting assembly 12,the forwardly directed tab 64 will successively engage the edges of theapertures 42 and 44, of the apertures 38, 36, and 34, respectively,

closest to the inner edge portions 46 until all of said apertured platesare positioned with their respective apertures 42 and 44 in registrationin the fully opened position, as illustrated in FIG. 1.

For any particular setting of the focusingring 68, and with a given trimadjustment as discussed more fully, infra, the apertured plates 34 -40will be relatively positioned so as to define a predeterminednetaperture as a function of the cam 94.

' Before proceeding further, it should be noted that the photographiccamera 2 of the subject invention includes a shutter mechanism and acircuit for automatically controlling exposure duration in accordancewith ambient scene brightness. This shutter mechanism, shown anddescribed in detail in US. Pat. No. 3,522,765, issued on Aug. 4, 1970,to BruceK. Johnson, et al., and commonly assigned herewith, generallycomprises a first blade'which is-initially in covering position,relative to an aperture through which exposure is effected, and is movedto uncover the aperture to inithe, latter is energized when thetransistor Q conducts; the base electrode 166 of thetransistor Q isconnected to the collector electrode 154 of the transistor Q, through alead 172 and the emitter electrode 170 of the transistor Q; is connectedthrough the bias resistor 164 to the terminal 162.

It should be noted that with this arrangement there is essentially acommon emitter resistor; the adjustment of the resistor 164 being forthe purpose of establishing a point at which it'is desired to deenergizethe circuit. While the two stages of the circuit may be characterized asnormally notconducting and normally conducting, it should be obviousthat this characterization is applicable only when power is applied tothe circuit.

an electrical impedance'which', in the form shown,

comprises a capacitor C Thus, the timing network is connected betweenthe terminals 158 and 162 to form a conventional integrating circuithaving an input at the terminal 158 and an output at a terminal 176, theconnection between the photosensitive element 174 and tronic timingnetwork 146 such as is taught in US. Pat.

Application, Ser. No. 104,822, filed Jan. 7, 1971, by Edwin H. Land, andcommonly assigned herewith. Basically, the timing network includes asource of current in the form of a battery 148 supplying apotential Ethrough a normally open switch S to a solenoid 150. The switch S isdesigned to be moved to aclosed position by movement of a conventionalshutter release member such'as the shutter release button 14 shown inFIGS. 1 and 3 which initiates exposure. v 1

The circuit 146 includes a voltage-sensitive circuit having a normallynon-conducting stage that includes a transistor Q having base,collector, and emitter electrodes 152, 154, and 15 6, respectively. Thecollector electrode 154 of the transistor Q is connected to a terminal158 by a variable bias resistor 160 and the emitter electrode 156 of thetransistor Q, is connected to a j terminal 162 by a variable biasresistor 164.

electrode 168is connected to the terminal 158 so'tha't the capacitor CConnected between the output terminal 176, of the timing network 146,and the terminal 162 is a second switch S which is normally in theclosed position and may be opened by movement of a shutter element toinitiate exposure. In the operation of the shutter, it is preferred thatthe switch S, be closed first to supply current to the solenoid and thatthe switch S be opened in synchronism, although not necessarilysimultaneously, with the initiation of exposure.

The transistor Q conducts almost instantaneously with the closing of theswitch S, because at the instant of such closing, the collector-basejunction of the transister 0, is reverse-biased, causing leakage currentto flow through the resistor establishing a forward bias on'theemitter-base junction. The setting of the variable resistor 160establishes the degree to which the transistor Q conducts so that thecurrent through the solenoid 150' can be adjusted to providemagnetomotive force in the magnetic circuit to retain the shutter blade,which subsequently moves to'terminate exposure, in its initial position.The flow of current through the resistors 160. and 164, when thetransistor Q conducts, establishes at the collector 154 and the emitter156 of the transistor 0 bias voltages having first values dependent uponthe magnitudes of the respective current and resistance. values.

At the instant the switch S, is closed, and until the switch. S isopened, the-potential at the terminal 176 will be at ground. It shouldbe noted that the timing means acts as a' conventional integratingcircuit so that when the voltage is applied to the input terminal 158 byclosing switch S there appears the output terminal 176, upon opening ofthe switch S a voltage which changes from an initial value, e.g., groundpotential, to a preselected value during a period of time dependent'upon the value of the capacitor C and the resistance of thephotosensitive eleme'nt'174 as established by the intensity of the lightincident thereon from the scene being photographed. When the voltage atthe terminal 176 is at its initial value and the voltagesat the collec-The timing network of the circuit includesa photo- I provides ahigh-intensity light for a relatively short du- V ration, it. is usuallynecessary to synchronize the actuation of the flash lamp with theactuation of the camera shutter in order to effect an exposure utilizingthe fulloutput of the flash lamp. For this reason, itis common practiceto provide a flash synchronizing circuit in the camera shutter forproviding current .to actuate the flash lamp by closing the switch intimed relation to the opening of the camera shutter to thereby initiateexposure in synchronism with the commencement of illumination bythelamp. Such a switch may be closed by movement of the shutter bladeitself and, as shown in FIG. 7, a switch S3 is illustrated connected inseries with the battery 148 and a flash lamp, such as the lamp of FIG.1, for supplying power to the lamp when the switch is closed. It shouldbe noted that although the circuit diagram indicates that the lamp 10receives current from the battery 148, it is possible and, in fact, maybe desirable to provide a separate power source for energizing the flashlamp.

The shutter of the camera of the subject invention is designed torespond to the intensity of the illumination received from the scene sothat proper exposures are provided automatically even when the intensityof the scene illumination is changing while an exposure is being made.Thus, the exposure control circuit 146 reacts to terminate the exposurewhen the light energy incident on the photosensitive means 174 reaches apredeterminedvalue. The photosensitive, means 174 receives light fromthe entire scene being photographed and, as mentionedsupra, functions inthe nature of an integrator to exhibit a resistance which represents theaverage value of the scene illumination.

The exposure control circuit 146 is designed to automatically controlthe duration of exposure during ambient operation, whereas when a flashlamp is employed to illuminate the subject, it is desirable to providefor exposures of a predetermined duration and control the effectivelight output of theflash lamp in order to achieve the desired exposure.Accordingly, means are provided for switching the exposure controlcircuit from an automatic mode to making exposures of a predeterminedduration. These means comprise a resistor 178 connected in parallel withthe photosensitive means 174, between the terminals 176 and 158, and asingle-throw, double-pole switch 180 for' selectively connecting eitherthe photosensitive means 174 or the resistor 178 in circuit between theterminals 176 and resistor 178 can be selected to provide an exposure ofany predetermined duration such as, for example, I/30 of a second, whichis at least as long as the duration of most conventional oxidizableflash lamps.

Typically, the flashcube mounting assembly l2 of FIGS. 1 and 3, may beprovided with means for automatically switching the exposure controlcircuit 146 to the flash mode of operation (via the switch 180) inresponse to introduction of the base of a flash-cube l0 thereinto in awell-known manner such as is taught in US. Pat. application, Ser. No.104,822, previously mentioned herein.

As best seen in FIG. 6, the photosensitive element 174 is positionedwithin the lens and shutter assembly housing 6 behind an aperturelOl inthe mirror front wall 8 so as to be able to receive illumination fromthe scene being photographed. A field lens,102 is secured within ahollow cylindrical control'knob 104 which, in turn, is rotatably secured(extending through the aperture 101) to the inner front wall 8 of thelens and shutterassembly housing 6 via a support plate 106 in awe"-known manner. The control knob 104 is so positioned that the field lens102 will be located in front of the photosensitive means 174. The fieldlens 102 functions in a manner well known to the art, wherebyillumination from that portion of the subject within the field of viewof the lens assembly 66 will be transmitted to the photosensitive meansso that the exposure interval may be" controlled as. a function of thebrightness of the scene being photographed, as described supra. I

The cylindrical control knob 104 extends toward the inner front wall 8of the lens and shutter assembly housing 6 to a second profile cam 108which is fixedly secured thereto so as to rotate coaxially'therewith.The profile cam 108 is rotated by means of the cylindrical control knob104 and is providedwith a tab portion 1 10 extending radially outwardfrom its peripheral surface and adapted to engage a stop 112 in the formof a lug projecting normally outward from the support plate 106 whichfunctions to limit theclockwise' travel of the profile cam 108. Theperiphery of the cam 108 rises abruptly to define ashoulder 114. whichcomes into abutment with the stop 112 to prevent or limitcounterclockwise rotation of the profilecam 108.

It will be recalled that it'was' previously mentioned that the camfollower 96 includes an end portion suitably configured to ride upon andfollow the peripheral surface of the profile cam 94'. Similarly, the camfollower 96 extends to an end portion 1 l6, remote from said end portion100, and configured to ride upon and follow the peripheral surface ofthe profile cam 108. Like the end portion 100, the end portion 115 isbiased into engagement with the peripheral surface of its respectiveprofile cam (the cam 108) by the spring 74 which biases the lever arm 70in a counterclockwise di rection, aboutthe pin assembly 72 which, inturn, (as mentioned previously biases the cam follower 96counterclockwise about said pin assembly 72 by virtue of its pivotalconnection to the pin assembly 98 eccentric of drical recess 120 is ofsuitable shape so as not to .completely cover the teeth 124 of thepinion 118, and said pinion 118 is provided with an opening centrallytherethrough of sufficient diameter so as not to obstruct the field lens102, aswill appear hereinafter. n

A variable density filter 126(s'uch as is common in the art) have a pairof spaced, parallel flanges 128 and 130, is slideably'received betweenapair of spaced, parallel ridges l32 on the rear face 122 of the innerfront wall 8 so asto cover the field lens 102.

As best seen in FIG. 6, the variable density filter 126 is provided witha portion of least density 134, a central portion of variable density136, and a portion of greatest density 138, with the density of thecentral portion 136 progressively increasing from the interface betweenthe portion 136 and theportion 134to the intering inwardlybetween thespaced, parallel ridges 132 whereby the spring member 142 may bedisposed in overlying relationship with the variable density filter 126so as to resiliently urge the latter toward the inner face 122 whilstpermitting said filter 126 to slide over the field lens 102 between thespaced, parallel ridges 132. The spring member 142 is-further providedwith a tab 145 which cooperates with a recess 147 in one of said ridges132 to properly register said spring member 142 with respect to saidrear face 122.

Considering. the operation of the novel trim mechanism hereindescribedin greater detail and with particulaiattention to operation of thephotographicocamera "2 in the flash mode, reference should again be madeto FIGS. 1 and 3. For any particular position of the focusing ring 68and the cam 94, the cam 108 may be actuated by the hollow cylindricalcontrol knob 104 to vary the net aperturethrough which'light from theflashcube 10 may be transmitted to. a subject For example, rotation ofthe control knob 104, and the second profile cam 108 therewith,willcause the cam follower 96 to pivot about the point of contactbetween the end portion 100 and the cam '94, thereby causing the leverarm 70 to pivot about the pin assembly 72 to actuate the arm 80 and,hence, the apertured plate 40.

Rotation of the control knob 104 and the second profile cam 108clockwise will decrease'the netaperture face between theportion 136 andthe portion 138. The

.to provide a desired trim.

tion reaching the subject from the flashcube l and reflected back to thefilm plane of the caniera 2 is solely a function of the range of thesubject and the setting of the control knob 104 and its associatedprofile cam 108 Upon removal of the flashcube from the mounting assembly12,the photographic camera 2 will be autoin more detail, it should beapparent that rotation of the hollowfcylindric'al control knob 104 willcause the pinion 1 18 to rotate therewith causing the variable densityfilter 126 to linearly traverse the rear face 122, between the spaced,parallel ridges 132, becauseof the interaction between the teeth 124 ofthe pinion 118 and the rack 140. 1

As previously described, it should be noted that the photosensitiveelement 174 is positioned rearward of tive element.

It should now be apparent that by varying the rotational position of thecylindrical control knob 104, the portion of the variable density filter126 disposed between the field lens 102 and the photosensitive element174 willbe' altered to effect a variable preselected attenuation intheillumination reaching said photosensitive element 174.

Thus, with the various component portions of the novel trim systemherein described, rotation of the hollow cylindrical control knob 104 ina clockwise direcdefined by the apertured plates 34 40 independent of vthe setting of the focusing ring 68 and-the profile'cam 94.Similarly,,rotation of the control knob 104 and the profile cam 108 inthe counterclockwise direction will increase the net aperture defined bysaid apertured plates 34 40 independent of the focus setting of the lensassembly 66 and the therewith.

It should be noted atthis point that during operation of thephotographic camera 2 in the flash mode, as aforesaid, thephotosensitive element 174, positioned behind the'fieldlens 102, isswitched out of the exposure control circuit and replaced by the fixedresistor 178 (FIG. 7) in response to insertion of 'aflashcube 10 intothe mounting assembly 12. Thus, the duration of the exposure ismaintained constant and the illuminacam 94 operatively connected tionwill successively position the portions l38, 136, and 134 between thefield lens 102 and the photosensitive element 174 to progressivelydecrease the attenuation of the illumination reaching saidphotosensitive element 174, whereby the exposure interval will bedecreased during ambient 'operationj' In .contradistinction,counterclockwise rotation of the control knob 104 will causeprogressively increased attenuation of the illumination reaching thephotosensitive means 174 and, hence, will effect an increase intheduration of exposure when operating in the ambient mode. Of course,the lightness of the finished photograph will be related directly to theduration of exposure and, hence, progressively increasing the durationof exposure will progressively lighten the photographic image reproducedof the subject and vice versa.

It will be recalled that clockwise rotation of the control knob 104 whenoperating in the flash"'mode progressively attenuated the illuminationreaching the subject and, hence, reflected therefrom, to the film planeof the photographic camera 2, whereas counterclockwise rotation of thecontrol knob 104 progressively. in-

creased the illumination transmitted to the subject and reflectedtherefrom to said film plane. Accordingly, it

should be clear that a single adjustment of the control knob 104 (duringeither the flash or ambient mode of operation of the photographic camera2) will provide a desired trim which is effective not onlyin the mode ofoperation in which the adjustment is made, but also one which iseffectiye when the photographic camera is switched to the other of itstwo modes of operation. a

It can readily be seen that many variations and modifications of thepresent invention are possible in the light of the aforementionedteachings, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art thatvarious changes in form and arrangement of components may be made tosuit requirements without departing from the spirit and scope of theinvention. It is, therefore, to be under-v stood that within the scopeof the appended claims, the instant invention may be practised in amanner otherwise than is specifically described herein.

I claim:

1. In combination with a photographic exposure control system of thetype responsive to at least two distinct parameters; means forselectively altering the response of said control system to changes ineach of said parameters, including:

a unitary control member; means operatively connected to said unitarycontrol member for selectively attenuating the illumination effectinga'photographic exposure independent of i said parameters; and meansoperatively connected to said unitary control member for sensing apredetermined variable attenuated portion of the illumination availablefor effecting a photographic exposure of a subject and selectivelyaltering exposure duration in response thereto.

2. The invention according to claim 1, further including aperturedefining means and wherein said sensing means includes a variabledensity filter operably connected to said unitary control member andpositioned in overlying relationship with said aperture defining meanswhereby the illumination reaching said aperture defining means from aphotographic subject may be at-,

' tenuated by a predetermined amount responsive to said unitary controlmember. v 1

3. The invention as delineated in claim), wherein said exposure controlsystem is operable in first and second modes and further including meansfor disabling said exposure duration altering means upon switching fromsaid second mode to'said first mode.

4. The invention as set forth in claim 3, wherein said unitary controlmeans is operably connected to each of said means for selectivelyattenuating photographic exposure effecting illumination and saidexposure duration altering means such that adjustment of said controlmeans whilst said exposure duration altering means is 6. The inventionas recited in claim 5, wherein said exposure effecting illuminationattenuating means includes second cam means and cam follower meansoperably connected to both said first and second cam meanswherebyadjustment of said second cam means will alter the response ofsaid aperture adjusting means to said first cam means. V

7. Apparatus as set out in claim 6, wherein said aperture adjustingmeans includes a housing and an array of apertured plates movablysecured within said housing and cooperable to define. a variableaperture for the passage of light.

8. The invention as set forth in claim 7, wherein said subjectisartificially illuminated by a flash lamp or the like and said apertureadjusting means is operable to attenuate light from said flash lamp orthe like reaching an exposure plane.

9. Trim means for use with an exposure control system for a camera ofthe type operating in a first mode as a function of camera-to-subjectrange and in a second mode as a function of subject illumination; saidtrim means including:

unitary control means for selectively altering the response of saidexposure control system to said range when operating in said first mode;

means operably connected to said control means for selectively alteringthe response of said exposure control system to said illumination; and

means for altering the response of said exposure control system in onemode of operation as a function of alterations madeto the response ofsaid expo sure control systemin a different mode of operation uponswitching from said different mode of operation to said one mode ofoperation.

10. The invention as recited in claim 9, wherein said exposure controlsystem functions in a first mode to vary the illumination of saidsubject as a function of the range thereof and in said second mode tovary the duration of exposure in response to theillumination from saidsubject. v

11. The ,invention in accordance with claim 10, wherein said responsealtering means includes means for varying the illumination of saidsubject independent of the range thereof and means for varying theexposure duration independent of subject illumination.

12. The invention as delineated in claim 11, wherein said cameraincludes lamp means and said independent 13. The invention as set out inclaim 12, wherein said independent exposure duration varying meansincludes variable attenuating means disposed in overlying relationshipwith photosensitive means for selectively attenuating illuminationreaching said photosensitive means from said subject. I

, 14. In combination with an exposure control system for a photographiccamera having first and second modes-of operation and responsive to atleast one distinct parameter when operating in either of said modes,means for selectively altering the response of said control system tochanges in said parameters, including:

means for altering the response of said exposure control system to afirst parameter when operating in 'said first mode;

- means for altering the response of said exposure con 7 trol system toa second parameter when operating said unitary control means is operablyconnected to each of said first and second mode response altering meanssuch that adjustment of said first mode response altering means whilstsaid second mode response alter- 7 ing means is disabledwilljautorn'atically effect adjustment ofsaid second mode responsealtering means upon switchingto said secondmode of operation.

16. The 'inventionin accordance with claim 15, wherein said exposurecontrol apparatus includes aperture adjusting means effective in saidfirst mode of operation and exposure duration limiting means effectivein said second modeof operation.

17. The invention in accordance with claim 16, wherein said exposurecontrol system further includes first cam means for selectivelycontrolling said aperture adjusting means as a function ofthe range ofthe photographic subject and saidfirst mode response alteringmeans'includes means for-selectively controlling said aperture adjustingmeans independent of said subject range.

18. The invention as set forth in claim 17, wherein i I 19. Theinvention according to claim-l8, wherein said aperture adjusting meansincludes a housing and an array of apertured plates movablysecuredwithin saidhousing and cooperable to define a variable aperturefor the passage of light.

20. The'invention as stated in claim 19, wherein said subject isartificially illuminated by a flash lamp or the like and said apertureadjusting means is operable to attenuate light from said flash lamp orthe like reaching an exposure plane.

.21. The invention as characterized in claim 20, wherein said secondmode responsealtering means includes aperture defining means and avariable density filter operably connected to said unitary control meansand positioned in overlying relationship with said aperture definingmeans, whereby illumination reaching said aperture defining mean's'fromsaid subject may be attenuated by a predetermined amount responsive tosaid unitary control member. 1

22. The invention of claim 21, wherein said second mode responsealtering means further includes means for sensing the illuminationtransmitted by said variable density filter and selectively controllingsaid exposure duration limiting means responsive thereto.

23. Apparatus according to claim'22, wherein said unitary control memberincludes an opening extending therethrough todefine an aperture andfurther includ ing a field lens disposed within said openingfortransmitting to said sensingmeans' illumination from said subjectcorresponding to the field of view of said camv nected to said supportmeans for securing a lamp toil-- luminate a subject; foldaway covermeans disposed outward of said receiving means so as todefine a window;

an array of apertured plates movablyis'ecured within I said cover meansand cooperable to vary the size of said window; means actuable inaccordance with camera-to-subject distance for moving atleast one ofsaid array of apertured plates andthereby selectively blocking portionsof the illumination from said lamp by varying the size of said window;and exposure control apparatus incorporating photoresponsive means andshutter means whereby exposure durationis controlled via saidphotoresponsive means; said trim control apparatus in cluding: I

a unitary control member rotatably connected to said support means andhaving an opening therethrough; I j

a field lens disposedwithin said controlmember for transmittingillumination from said subject to said photoresponsive means;

cam means connected to said control member and rotatable therewith; j V

' cam follower means operably connected to said cam means and said arrayof apertured plates for selectively advancing at least one of saidapertured plates in response to rotation of said control member;

a pinion connected to said control member so as to v be rotatabletherewith; 1

a variable density filter slideably secured to said support meansbetween saidfield lens and said photoresponsive means; and v a rackdisposed along a portion of said filter and in engagement with saidpinion whereby rotation of said control member will cause said filter totraverse said support means over said field lens to selectivelyattenuate the illumination transmitted by said field lens and incidenton said photoresponsive means. a v

25. A photographic exposure control system having a first exposurecontrolmode for use with artificial light and a second exposure controlmode for use with ambient light, said exposure control systemincluding:-

first means operable in said first mode for automatically determining anexposure parameter as a function of camera focus setting;

I second means operable in said second mode for autotermining means islocated to be disposed intermediate I l the source of such artificiallight and the subject.

28. The system of claim 25, wherein said exposure control systemisadapted to effect the exposure of a film unit to light from a subjectand said second means is operable in said second mode to determine theeffective time period during which light reflected by the subjectisincident upon the film unit as a function of the level of ambientlight:

29. The system of claim 28, wherein said first means comprises means fordetermining an effective aperture operably disposed with. respect to theartificial light.

I end means such that displacement of said control means whilst insaidfirst exposure control mode will alter one of said parameters and willeffect adjustment of said second means to alter the other of saidparameters 'upon changing to said second exposure control mode.

32. An exposure control system for use with a focusable photographiccamera, comprisingi means for alternately defining a first exposure modefor use with artifical light and a second exposure mode for use withambient light to control the amount of light incident upon a film unitin both said exposure modes, said mode defining means having an exposureparameter in said first mode operable over a first given range and anexposure parameter in said second mode operable over a second givenrange and including means for automatically setting an operating valuewithin said first given range responsive to focus setting according to afirst given factor and means for automatically setting an operatingvalue within said second given range responsive to the level of ambientlight according to a second given factor; a unitary control member; andmeans responsive to the actuation of said unitary control member foradjusting both of said first and second given factors. 33. Aphotographic system for use with a film unit, said system comprising:

means for alternately defining a first exposure mode for use withartificial light anda second exposure mode for use with ambient light tocontrol the amount of light incident upon the film unit in both saidexposure modes, said mode defining means being normally responsive insaid first exposure mode to the film unit-to-subject distance accordingv to a-first given-factor for determining an effective aperture from anavailable-range of effective aper- ,tures, said effective aperture beingoperably disposed with respect to the artificial light, and normallyresponsivein said, second exposure mode to the level of ambient lightaccordingto asecond given factor for determining the effective timeperiod, from an available range of effective time periods, which lightreflected by the subject is incident upon the film unit, said modedefining means including a timing circuit, a light sensitive elementcoupled to said timing circuit and light filtering means having avariable characteristic optically disposed intermediate the subject andsaid light sensitive element for facilitating the determination of saideffective time period; a unitary control member; and means responsive tothe actuation of said unitary control member for simultaneouslyadjusting both of said first and second given factors, said adjustingmeans including means for adjusting the effective filter characteristicof said light filtering means. 34. A photographic system for use with afilm unit, said system comprising:

means for alternately defining a first exposure mode for use withartificial light and a second exposure mode for use with' ambient lightto control the i amount of light incident upon the filmunit in both ofsaid exposure modes, said mode defining means being operative at aparticular value within an available range of values responsive to anoperator input according to a first given factor in said first exposuremode and operative at a particular value within an available range ofvalues responsive to an environmental condition according to a secondgiven factor in said second exposure mode;

a unitary control member; and

means responsive to the actuation of said unitary control member forsimultaneously adjusting both of said first and second given factorswhen in either of said exposure modes.

1. In combination with a photographic exposure control system of thetype responsive to at least two distinct parameters; means forselectively altering the response of said control system to changes ineach of said parameters, including: a unitary control member; meansoperatively connected to said unitary control member for selectivelyattenuating the illumination effecting a photographic exposureindependent of said parameters; and means operatively connected to saidunitary control member for sensing a predetermined variable attenuatedportion of the illumination available for effecting a photographicexposure of a subject and selectively altering exposure duration inresponse thereto.
 2. The invention according to claim 1, furtherincluding aperture defining means and wherein said sensing meansincludes a variable density filter operably connected to said unitarycontrol member and positioned in overlying relationship with saidaperture defining means whereby the illumination reaching said aperturedefining means from a photographic subject may be attenuated by apredetermined amount responsive to said unitary control member.
 3. Theinvention as delineated in claim 2, wherein said exposure control systemis operable in first and second modes and further including means fordisabling said exposure duration altering means upon switching from saidsecond mode to said first mode.
 4. The invention as set forth in claim3, wherein said unitary control means is operably connected to each ofsaid means for selectively attenuating photographic exposure effectingillumination and said exposure duration altering means such thatadjustment of said control means whilst said exposure duration alteringmeans is operable will automatically effect adjustment of theattenuation of said photographic exposure effecting illumination uponswitching to said first mode of operation.
 5. The invention as describedin claim 4, wherein said exposure system includes aperture adjustingmeans and further includes first cam means for selectively controllingsaid aperture adjusting means as a function of the range of aphotographic subject and said exposure effecting illuminationattenuating means includes means for selectively controlling saidaperture adjusting means independent of said range.
 6. The invention asrecited in claim 5, wherein said exposure effecting illuminationattenuating means includes second cam means and cam follower meansoperably connected to both said first and second cam means wherebyadjustment of said second cam means will alter the response of saidaperture adjusting means to said first cam means.
 7. Apparatus as setout in claim 6, wherein said aperture adjusting means includes a housingand an array of apertured plates movably secured within said housing andcooperable to define a variable aperture for the passage of light. 8.The invention as set forth in claim 7, wherein said subject isartificially illuminated by a flash lamp or the like and said apertureadjusting means is operable to attenuate light from said flash lamp orthe like reaching an exposure plane.
 9. Trim means for use with anexposure control system for a camera of the type operating in a firstmode as a function of camera-to-subject range and in a second mode as afunction of subject illumination; said trim means including: unitarycontrol means for selectively altering the response of said exposurecontrol system to said range when operating in said first mode; meansoperably connected to said control means for selectively altering theresponse of said exposure control system to said illumination; and meansfor altering the response of said exposure control system in one mode ofoperation as a function of alterations made to the response of saidexposure control system in a different mode of operation upon switchingfrom said different mode of operation to said one mode of operation. 10.The invention as recited in claim 9, wherein said exposure controlsystem functions in a first mode to vary the illumination of saidsubject as a function of the range thereof and in said second mode tovary the duration of exposure in response to the illumination from saidsubject.
 11. The invention in accordance with claim 10, wherein saidresponse altering means includes means for varying the illumination ofsaid subject independent of the range thereof and means for varying theexposure duration independent of subject illumination.
 12. The inventionas delineated in claim 11, wherein said camera includes lamp means andsaid independent illumination varying means includes cam means operablyconnected to aperture control means for selectively defining an aperturefor the passage of illumination from said lamp means to said subject.13. The invention as set out in claim 12, wherein said independentexposure duration varying means includes variable attenuating meansdisposed in overlying relationship with photosensitive means forselectively attenuating illumination reaching said photosensitive meansfrom said subject.
 14. In combination with an exposure control systemfor a photographic camera having first and second modes of operation andresponsive to at least one distinct parameter when operating in eitherof said modes, means for selectively altering the response of saidcontrol system to changes in said parameters, including: means foraltering the response of said exposure control system to a firstparameter when operating in said first mode; means for altering theresponse of said exposure control system to a second parameter whenoperating in said second mode; and unitary control means for actuatingsaid first and second mode response altering means.
 15. The invention asdescribed in claim 14, wherein said unitary control means is operablyconnected to each of said first and second mode response altering meanssuch that adjustment of said first mode response altering means whilstsaid second mode response altering means is disabled will automaticallyeffect adjustment of said second mode response altering means uponswitching to said second mode of operation.
 16. The invention inaccordance with claim 15, wherein said exposure control apparatusincludes aperture adjusting means effective in said first mode ofoperation and exposure duration limiting means effective in said secondmode of operation.
 17. The invention in accordance with claim 16,wherein said exposure control system further includes first cam meansfor selectively controlling said aperture adjusting means as a functionof the range of the photographic subject and said first mode responsealtering means includes means for selectively controlling said apertureadjusting means independent of said subject range.
 18. The invention asset forth in claim 17, wherein said first mode response altering meansincludes second cam means and cam follower means operably connected toboth said first and second cam means whereby adjustment of said secondcam means will alter the response of said aperture adjusting means tosaid first cam means.
 19. The invention according to claim 18, whereinsaid aperture adjusting means includes a housing and an array ofapertured plates movably secured within said housing and cooperable todefine a variable aperture for the passage of light.
 20. The inventionas stated in claim 19, wherein said subject is artificially illuminatedby a flash lamp or the like and said aperture adjusting means isoperable to attenuate light from said flash lamp or the like reaching anexposure plane.
 21. The invention as characterized in claim 20, whereinsaid second mode response altering means includes aperture definingmeans and a variable density filter operably connected to said unitarycontrol means and positioned in overlying relationship with saidaperture defining means, whereby illumination reaching said aperturedefining means from said subject may be attenuated by a predetermInedamount responsive to said unitary control member.
 22. The invention ofclaim 21, wherein said second mode response altering means furtherincludes means for sensing the illumination transmitted by said variabledensity filter and selectively controlling said exposure durationlimiting means responsive thereto.
 23. Apparatus according to claim 22,wherein said unitary control member includes an opening extendingtherethrough to define an aperture and further including a field lensdisposed within said opening for transmitting to said sensing meansillumination from said subject corresponding to the field of view ofsaid camera.
 24. Trim control apparatus for use with a camera of thetype having support means; receiving means connected to said supportmeans for securing a lamp to illuminate a subject; foldaway cover meansdisposed outward of said receiving means so as to define a window; anarray of apertured plates movably secured within said cover means andcooperable to vary the size of said window; means actuable in accordancewith camera-to-subject distance for moving at least one of said array ofapertured plates and thereby selectively blocking portions of theillumination from said lamp by varying the size of said window; andexposure control apparatus incorporating photoresponsive means andshutter means whereby exposure duration is controlled via saidphotoresponsive means; said trim control apparatus including: a unitarycontrol member rotatably connected to said support means and having anopening therethrough; a field lens disposed within said control memberfor transmitting illumination from said subject to said photoresponsivemeans; cam means connected to said control member and rotatabletherewith; cam follower means operably connected to said cam means andsaid array of apertured plates for selectively advancing at least one ofsaid apertured plates in response to rotation of said control member; apinion connected to said control member so as to be rotatable therewith;a variable density filter slideably secured to said support meansbetween said field lens and said photoresponsive means; and a rackdisposed along a portion of said filter and in engagement with saidpinion whereby rotation of said control member will cause said filter totraverse said support means over said field lens to selectivelyattenuate the illumination transmitted by said field lens and incidenton said photoresponsive means.
 25. A photographic exposure controlsystem having a first exposure control mode for use with artificiallight and a second exposure control mode for use with ambient light,said exposure control system including: first means operable in saidfirst mode for automatically determining an exposure parameter as afunction of camera focus setting; second means operable in said secondmode for automatically determining an exposure parameter as a functionof the level of ambient light; and unitary control means for adjustingsaid first and second means to alter the values of both of said exposureparameters determined thereby.
 26. The system of claim 25, wherein saidfirst means comprises means for determining an effective apertureoperably disposed with respect to the artificial light.
 27. The systemof claim 26, wherein said aperture determining means is located to bedisposed intermediate the source of such artificial light and thesubject.
 28. The system of claim 25, wherein said exposure controlsystem is adapted to effect the exposure of a film unit to light from asubject and said second means is operable in said second mode todetermine the effective time period during which light reflected by thesubject is incident upon the film unit as a function of the level ofambient light.
 29. The system of claim 28, wherein said first meanscomprises means for determining an effective aperture operably disposedwith respect to the artificial light.
 30. The system of claim 25,Wherein said exposure parameter determined by said first means differsin type from said exposure parameter determined by said second means.31. The system of claim 29, wherein said unitary control means isoperably connected to said first and second means such that displacementof said control means whilst in said first exposure control mode willalter one of said parameters and will effect adjustment of said secondmeans to alter the other of said parameters upon changing to said secondexposure control mode.
 32. An exposure control system for use with afocusable photographic camera, comprising: means for alternatelydefining a first exposure mode for use with artifical light and a secondexposure mode for use with ambient light to control the amount of lightincident upon a film unit in both said exposure modes, said modedefining means having an exposure parameter in said first mode operableover a first given range and an exposure parameter in said second modeoperable over a second given range and including means for automaticallysetting an operating value within said first given range responsive tofocus setting according to a first given factor and means forautomatically setting an operating value within said second given rangeresponsive to the level of ambient light according to a second givenfactor; a unitary control member; and means responsive to the actuationof said unitary control member for adjusting both of said first andsecond given factors.
 33. A photographic system for use with a filmunit, said system comprising: means for alternately defining a firstexposure mode for use with artificial light and a second exposure modefor use with ambient light to control the amount of light incident uponthe film unit in both said exposure modes, said mode defining meansbeing normally responsive in said first exposure mode to the filmunit-to-subject distance according to a first given factor fordetermining an effective aperture from an available range of effectiveapertures, said effective aperture being operably disposed with respectto the artificial light, and normally responsive in said second exposuremode to the level of ambient light according to a second given factorfor determining the effective time period, from an available range ofeffective time periods, which light reflected by the subject is incidentupon the film unit, said mode defining means including a timing circuit,a light sensitive element coupled to said timing circuit and lightfiltering means having a variable characteristic optically disposedintermediate the subject and said light sensitive element forfacilitating the determination of said effective time period; a unitarycontrol member; and means responsive to the actuation of said unitarycontrol member for simultaneously adjusting both of said first andsecond given factors, said adjusting means including means for adjustingthe effective filter characteristic of said light filtering means.
 34. Aphotographic system for use with a film unit, said system comprising:means for alternately defining a first exposure mode for use withartificial light and a second exposure mode for use with ambient lightto control the amount of light incident upon the film unit in both ofsaid exposure modes, said mode defining means being operative at aparticular value within an available range of values responsive to anoperator input according to a first given factor in said first exposuremode and operative at a particular value within an available range ofvalues responsive to an environmental condition according to a secondgiven factor in said second exposure mode; a unitary control member; andmeans responsive to the actuation of said unitary control member forsimultaneously adjusting both of said first and second given factorswhen in either of said exposure modes.